Informatics Publishing Limited

Dattatraya M. Shinkar ¹, Pinak S. Paralkar ¹, R. B. Saudagar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjenari, Dist. Nashik-422212, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjenari, Dist. Nashik-422212, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Liposomes, spherical vesicles consisting of one or more phospholipids bilayers, were first described in mid 60s by Banghum and coworkers. Since then, liposomes have made their way to the market. Liposomes are highly versatile structures for researcher's therapeutic and analytical applications. The insight gained from clinical use of liposome drug delivery systems can now be integrated to design liposomes targeted to tissues and cells with or without expression of target recognition molecules on liposomes membranes. Enhanced safety and heightened efficacy have been achieved for wide range of drug classes, including antitumor agents, antiviral, antifungal, antimicrobial, vaccines and gene therapeutics. This review summaries exclusively scalable industrial method of preparation of liposomes, marketed preparation of liposomes and analysis of liposomes. An additional point of view was taken to regulatory concerning liposomal drug formulations based on FDA and EMEA documents.

Keywords

Liposomes, Preparation Methods, Characteristics, Analysis.

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Pinak S. Paralkar ¹, Dattatraya M. Shinkar ¹, Ravindra B. Saudagar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjenari, Dist. Nashik-422212, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjenari, Dist. Nashik-422212, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Sharpless enantioselective epoxidation of achiral primary allyl alcohols is one of the best reaction discovered during the last about three decades. The reaction was typically named after discovery of this by Karl Barry Sharpless. For this discovery Sharpless received the Nobel Prize for medicinal chemistry in the year 2001. This reaction is stearoselective, i.e. it produces only enantionmers as final product. This reaction converts primary and secondary allylic alcohols into the 2, 3 epoxy alcohols. The final enantionmers which is formed will be a stereoselective depending upon the catalyst used during the same reaction. This reactions turns to be industry beneficial due to its applicability and high yield of products in the reaction.

Keywords

Sharpless Epoxidation, 2, 3 Epoxy Alcohols, Application of Reaction, Industrial Examples.

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Nikita S. Malekar ¹, Sheetal B. Gondkar ¹, Bhushan A. Bhairav ¹, Pinak S. Paralkar ², Ravindra B. Saudagar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, KCT’S, Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics , KCT’S, Ravindra Gambhirrao Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT’S, Ravindra Gambhirrao College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik-422213, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Development of pH sensitive Naratriptan Hydrochloride in-situ nasal gel was aimed to improve absorption. In the present research work mixture of Carbopol-934 and Xanthan Gum were used to benefit pH sensitive gelation property. Different formulation were prepared by different concentrations of Carbopol-934 and Xanthan Gum .In this formulation the release profile depend on the concentration of Carbopol-934 and Xanthan Gum. These formulations were evaluated for parameters like pH, drug content, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, gel strength, in-vitro drug release, and drug and excipients compatability. A 3² factorial design was applied to see the effect of various Carbopol-934 (X₁) and Xanthan gum (X₂) on the various models to a certain kinetic of drug release. Regression analysis and analysis of variance were performed for dependent variables. The study indicates that the formulation was effective in providing in-vitro release of drug and the mucoadhesive formulation. The objective of this study was to formulate a intranasal gel for drug targeting directly to brain via olfactory lobe pathway.

Keywords

Anti-Migraine, Carbopol-934, Xanthan Gum, In-Situ Gelling System, pH Sensitive.

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